Resources

We hope the resources listed on this page will be useful both to grant-makers and to those working day-to-day on environmental issues.  A wide range of material is covered here, from reports analysing current challenges within philanthropy to expert advice on communications issues, social values, and ways of motivating change.  A guiding principle for this section of the site is that in order to address the major environmental challenges that face us we will need to change the way in which we collectively behave.  Many of the resources listed below are accordingly concerned with change processes, and the barriers that stand in their way.  Recommendations for additional resources would be much appreciated.  Please use the Contact page of the website to make recommendations.

EFN Publications

Where The Green Grants Went 3 Where The Green Grants Went 3 (opens in a new window)

Jon Cracknell and Heather Godwin, 2004-05 edition, May 2007

Where The Green Grants Went 2 Where The Green Grants Went 2 (opens in a new window)

Matilda Lee and Jon Cracknell, 2003-04 edition, June 2005

Where The Green Grants Went Where The Green Grants Went (opens in a new window)

Jon Cracknell and Matilda Lee, 2002-03 edition, February 2004

Challenges within Environmentalism

A Challenge To Conservationists: can we protect natural habitats without abusing the people who live in them A Challenge To Conservationists: can we protect natural habitats without abusing the people who live in them (opens in a new window)

Mac Chapin, WorldWatch magazine, November/December 2004

Governance and accountability of environmental NGOs Governance and accountability of environmental NGOs (opens in a new window)

Paul Jepson, Elsevier, 2005

Losing Ground: American environmentalism at the close of the 20th century

Mark Dowie, M.I.T. Press, 1995

Critical analysis of the way in which US environmentalism developed from its pre second World War roots

Renewal: a journal of labour politics Renewal: a journal of labour politics (opens in a new window)

Renewal, Vol 12, No. 4, 2004

A special issue on UK environmental politics, with contributions from leading environmentalists

The 21st Century NGO - In the Market for Change The 21st Century NGO - In the Market for Change (opens in a new window)

SustainAbility, 2003

Report analysing the challenges and opportunities that face NGOs in the 21st Century

The Death of Environmentalism: global warming politics in a post-environmental world The Death of Environmentalism: global warming politics in a post-environmental world (opens in a new window)

Michael Shellenberger and Ted Nordhaus, for the Nathan Cummings Foundation, 2004

Provocative essay on the challenges faced by the US progressive movement, which caused a storm of criticism and debate - much of it reported in Grist magazine (www.grist.org)

The State of Wild Asian Elephant Conservation in 2003 The State of Wild Asian Elephant Conservation in 2003 (opens in a new window)

Paul Jepson and Susan Canney, Conservation Direct, 2003

Washington Post Articles on Environmental Funding

Joe Stephens and others, Washington Post, between 3rd May 2003 and 31st March 2004

‘Nonprofit Landbank Amasses Millions’, ‘$420,000 a Year and No-Strings Fund’, ‘Image Is A Sensitive Issue’, ‘How A Bid To Save A Species Came To Grief’, ‘On Eastern Shore, For-Profit Flagship Hits Shoals’, ‘The Beef About The Brand’, ‘Nonprofit Sells Scenic Acreage To Allies At A Loss’, ‘Landing A Big One: Preservation, Private Development’, ‘Developers Find Payoff In Preservation’, ‘Overhaul of Nature Conservancy Urged’
Back to top ∧

Communications Strategy, Campaign Planning, and Social Values

A Tool for Motivation-Based Communication Strategy A Tool for Motivation-Based Communication Strategy (opens in a new window)

Chris Rose, Campaign Strategy, 2004

An introduction to “Values Modes” and their value in motivating behaviour change

Breaking Through To Great: smart strategies for developing winning communications campaigns Breaking Through To Great: smart strategies for developing winning communications campaigns (opens in a new window)

Spitfire Strategies, 2004

Communications strategy guidance from leading US consultants

Campaigns: and how to win them!

Clare Watson, Wolfhound Press, Dublin, 1997

Practical ‘nuts and bolts’ guidance from a leading Irish campaigner

Defining We In Environmental Advocacy Defining We In Environmental Advocacy (opens in a new window)

Dick Brooks and Michael Goldberg, Action Media, 2004

Essay looking at the way in which environmental issues are framed in the public mind, includes case studies

Discovering The Activation Point: smart strategies to make people act Discovering The Activation Point: smart strategies to make people act (opens in a new window)

Kristen Grimm, Spitfire Strategies, 2006

Very solidly researched study into ways of getting different audiences to change their behaviour

Don’t Think Of An Elephant: know your values and frame the debate

George Lakoff, Chelsea Green Publishing, 2004

Best-selling analysis of the way in which ‘frames’ are used to organise political discourse

Fire and Ice: the United States, Canada, and the myth of converging values

Michael Adams, Penguin Canada, 2003

How To Win Campaigns: 100 steps to success

Chris Rose, Earthscan, 2005

A “must-have” book, drawing on 25 years of campaigning experience on the front-line of the environmental movement

Now Hear This: the nine laws of successful advocacy communications Now Hear This: the nine laws of successful advocacy communications (opens in a new window)

Fenton Communications, 2001

Communications lessons from 25 experts in the field, using case studies as illustrations

The Cultural Creatives: how 50 million people are changing the world

Paul Ray and Sherry Ruth Anderson, Three Rivers Press, 2000
Back to top ∧

Foundation Policy and Politics

Advocacy funding: the philanthropy of changing minds Advocacy funding: the philanthropy of changing minds (opens in a new window)

Tony Proscio, GrantCraft, 2005

Helpful analysis of the some of the challenges faced by grant-makers who want to support advocacy and campaigning

American Foundations: an investigative history

Mark Dowie, M.I.T. Press, 2001

Canadian Environmental Grantmakers Network, A Profile of Environmental Nonprofit & Voluntary Organizations in Canada Canadian Environmental Grantmakers Network, A Profile of Environmental Nonprofit & Voluntary Organizations in Canada (opens in a new window)

Canadian Environmental Grantmakers Network, 2004

Dark Cloud Over Good Works Of Gates Foundation Dark Cloud Over Good Works Of Gates Foundation (opens in a new window)

Charles Piller et al., Los Angeles Times, 7th January 2007

Investigation into the tensions between the Gates Foundation’s investments and its philanthropic mission

Foundations and the Environmental Movement: priorities, strategies, and impact Foundations and the Environmental Movement: priorities, strategies, and impact (opens in a new window)

Robert J. Brulle and J.Craig Jenkins, in D. Faber and D. McCarthy 'Foundations for Social Change: critical perspectives on philanthropy and popular movements', Rowman & Littlefield, 2005

From Charity To Creativity: philanthropic foundations in the 21st century

Helmut Anheier and Diana Leat, Comedia, 2002

Money Clashes With Mission Money Clashes With Mission (opens in a new window)

Charles Piller, Los Angeles Times, 8th January 2007

Second part of Los Angeles Times investigation into the Gates Foundation’s investments

Money for Peace: a study of income of UK peace organisations Money for Peace: a study of income of UK peace organisations (opens in a new window)

Nick Perks, Joseph Rowntree Charitable Trust, 2005

Ground-breaking study of the income sources for peace and security NGOs in the UK

Not All Grants Are Created Equal: why non-profits need general operating support from foundations Not All Grants Are Created Equal: why non-profits need general operating support from foundations (opens in a new window)

National Committee for Responsive Philanthropy, 2005

Stepping Up The Stairs: increasing the impact of progressive philanthropy in the UK Stepping Up The Stairs: increasing the impact of progressive philanthropy in the UK (opens in a new window)

Alison Harker and Steven Burkeman, for the Carnegie United Kingdom Trust, 2005

The Imperfect Gift The Imperfect Gift (opens in a new window)

Liz Galst, Plenty on-line magazine, January 2007

The New Funding Heresies: what everyone knows (but no one will say) about funding the left The New Funding Heresies: what everyone knows (but no one will say) about funding the left (opens in a new window)

Christopher Hayes, In These Times magazine, June 2006

There is no plan(et) B: why environmental philanthropy matters There is no plan(et) B: why environmental philanthropy matters (opens in a new window)

Ben Goldsmith and Jon Cracknell (JMG Foundation)

Presentations made to the annual JP Morgan “Investing for Social Return” event, May 2006

UK Philanthropy’s Greatest Achievements: a research-based assessment of philanthropic success UK Philanthropy’s Greatest Achievements: a research-based assessment of philanthropic success (opens in a new window)

Beth Breeze, Institute for Philanthropy, 2006

Why Do Progressive Foundations Give Too Little To Too Many? Why Do Progressive Foundations Give Too Little To Too Many? (opens in a new window)

Michael Shuman, The Nation, January 1998

Challenge to grant-makers from an experienced and successful fundraiser for social change
Back to top ∧

Industry Lobbying Strategies

Barricades and Boardrooms: a contemporary history of the corporate accountability movement Barricades and Boardrooms: a contemporary history of the corporate accountability movement (opens in a new window)

Jem Bendell, for the United Nations Research Institute for Social Development, 2004

Detailed report on the historical development of NGO strategies around corporate accountability

Brand Green: Mainstream or Forever Niche? Brand Green: Mainstream or Forever Niche? (opens in a new window)

Wendy Gordon, Green Alliance, 2002

Cry Wolf: predicted costs by industry in the face of new regulations Cry Wolf: predicted costs by industry in the face of new regulations (opens in a new window)

International Chemical Secretariat, Sweden, April 2004

Case studies of the way in which the costs of environmental and other regulations are regularly over-estimated by industry

REACH: What happened and why? REACH: What happened and why? (opens in a new window)

Gunnar Lind, published by Inger Schorling MEP, 2004

An analysis of the way in which the REACH legislation on chemicals was contested in the EU institutions describes the lobbying carried out by the chemical industry

The Private Life of Public Affairs The Private Life of Public Affairs (opens in a new window)

Simon Caulkin and Joanna Collins, Green Alliance, 2003

Considers the way in which industry trade associations lobby against regulations and social responsibility
Back to top ∧

Social Change and Social Movement Structures

Doing Democracy: the MAP model for organizing social movements

Bill Moyer, New Society Publishers, 2001

Enormously useful compilation of work from the late Bill Moyer, including his Movement Action Plan (MAP) model of the growth of social movements, descriptions of the different types of social activism, and case studies of social movements

Movement as Network: connecting people and organisations in the environmental movement Movement as Network: connecting people and organisations in the environmental movement (opens in a new window)

Gideon Rosenblatt, One/Northwest, January 2004

Reflection on the structure of the environmental movement in North-West United States and its implications for effectiveness

RoadBlock: how people power is wrecking the roads programme RoadBlock: how people power is wrecking the roads programme (opens in a new window)

Alarm UK, 1995

Inspiring report on the 1990s opposition to road-building in the UK, including case studies of community campaigns across the country

Rules for Radicals: a pragmatic primer for realistic radicals

Saul Alinsky, Vintage Books, 1989, (first published 1971)

Alinsky is widely seen as the ‘father’ of community organizing in the United States and this book is the classic primer

The Great Gray Whale Or This Story Has No Moral The Great Gray Whale Or This Story Has No Moral (opens in a new window)

Rebecca Solnit, TomDispatch.com, 2005

Thoughtful reflections on the process of social change from an experienced Californian campaigner
Back to top ∧

UK Behaviour Change for Sustainability

Bad Habits and Hard Choices: in search of sustainable lifestyles Bad Habits and Hard Choices: in search of sustainable lifestyles (opens in a new window)

Phil Downing et al., Brook Lyndhurst, 2004

Carrots, Sticks and Sermons: influencing public behaviour for environmental goals Carrots, Sticks and Sermons: influencing public behaviour for environmental goals (opens in a new window)

Joanna Collins et al., Demos and Green Alliance, 2003

Climate Change Communications: dipping a toe into public motivation Climate Change Communications: dipping a toe into public motivation (opens in a new window)

Chris Rose et al., Campaign Strategy, 2005

Desperately Seeking Sustainability Desperately Seeking Sustainability (opens in a new window)

Paul Steedman, National Consumer Council, 2005

Driving Public Behaviours for Sustainable Lifestyles Driving Public Behaviours for Sustainable Lifestyles (opens in a new window)

Andrew Darnton, Central Office of Information/Defra, 2004

Green Choice: what choice? Green Choice: what choice? (opens in a new window)

Maxine Holdsworth, National Consumer Council, 2003

A Summary of NCC Research into Consumer Attitudes to Sustainable Consumption

I Will If You Will: towards sustainable consumption I Will If You Will: towards sustainable consumption (opens in a new window)

National Consumer Council and Sustainable Development Commission, 2006

The final report of the Sustainable Consumption and Production Roundtable

Painting The Town Green: how to persuade people to be environmentally friendly Painting The Town Green: how to persuade people to be environmentally friendly (opens in a new window)

Stephen Hounsham, Green Engage, 2006

Personal Responsibility and Changing Behaviour: the state of knowledge and its implications for public policy Personal Responsibility and Changing Behaviour: the state of knowledge and its implications for public policy (opens in a new window)

David Halpern et al., Prime Minister's Strategy Unit, 2004

Rainforests Are a Long Way From Here: the environmental concerns of disadvantaged groups Rainforests Are a Long Way From Here: the environmental concerns of disadvantaged groups (opens in a new window)

Kate Burningham and Diana Thrush, Joseph Rowntree Foundation, 2001

Sixteen Pain-Free Ways to Help Save the Planet Sixteen Pain-Free Ways to Help Save the Planet (opens in a new window)

Maxine Holdsworth and Paul Steedman, National Consumer Council, 2005

Warm Words: how are we telling the climate story and how can we tell it better? Warm Words: how are we telling the climate story and how can we tell it better? (opens in a new window)

Gill Ereaut and Nat Segnit, Institute for Public Policy Research, 2006
Back to top ∧

Wellbeing and Materialism

A Better Choice of Choice: quality of life, consumption, and economic growth

Roger Levett et al., Fabian Society, 2003

Thought-provoking essay on the limitations of “choice” and pathways to more sustainable lifestyles

A Well Being Manifesto for a Flourishing Society A Well Being Manifesto for a Flourishing Society (opens in a new window)

Hetan Shah and Nic Marks, New Economics Foundation, 2004

Policy recommendations for the improvement of well-being in the UK

Beyond Money: toward an economy of well-being Beyond Money: toward an economy of well-being (opens in a new window)

Ed Diener and Martin Seligman, Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 2004

Very useful academic review of the psychological dimensions of well-being

Overconsumption in Britain: a culture of middle-class complaint?

Clive Hamilton, Australia Institute, 2003

Analysis of consumption patterns in Britain by a leading Australian thinker in this field

The High Price of Materialism

Tim Kasser, M.I.T. Press, 2003

Overview of the psychological harm caused by excessive materialism, by one of the leading researchers in this field

The Unhappy Planet Index: an index of human well being and environmental impact The Unhappy Planet Index: an index of human well being and environmental impact (opens in a new window)

Nic Marks et al., New Economics Foundation and Friends of the Earth, 2006

Well Being and the Environment: achieving one planet living and maintaining quality of life Well Being and the Environment: achieving one planet living and maintaining quality of life (opens in a new window)

Hetan Shah and Jules Peck, New Economics Foundation and WWF UK, 2005
Back to top ∧